PRIMARY SPELLING & PHONICS • CURRICULUM ARCHITECTURE TEACHER MASTER KEY INSTRUCTOR REFERENCE • PAGE 2 OF 2

Noun Stem	IPA	Plural Form (+s)	Possessive Form ('s)
boy	/bɔɪ/	boys (/bɔɪz/)	boy's (/bɔɪz/)
day	/deɪ/	days (/deɪz/)	day's (/deɪz/)
key	/kiː/	keys (/kiːz/)	key's (/kiːz/)
monkey	/ˈmʌŋki/	monkeys (/ˈmʌŋkiz/)	monkey's (/ˈmʌŋkiz/)
valley	/ˈvæli/	valleys (/ˈvæliz/)	valley's (/ˈvæliz/)
toy	/tɔɪ/	toys (/tɔɪz/)	toy's (/tɔɪz/)

Complete Answer Key & Solutions WHEELER'S EXERCISES

Exercise 1 & 2 Solutions:
• Plurals: days, boys, keys, toys, joys, rays, monkeys, valleys.
• 1. boys (simple plural).
• 2. boy's (possessive noun).
• 3. monkey's (possessive noun).
• 4. days (simple plural).

Pedagogical Insight:
Notice that boys and boy's sound identical (/bɔɪz/). The apostrophe is purely an orthographic signal for the eye and grammatical understanding.
Contrast with Lesson 130: baby → babies (consonant+y) vs. boy → boys (vowel+y).

Socratic Guiding Prompts & Pedagogical Insights INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

Look at the word 'day'. What letter comes before 'y'? Is 'a' a vowel or consonant? Do we change 'y' to 'i' here?
What is the difference between 'two boys' and 'the boy's dog'?
Why would writing 'daies' or 'boies' look wrong to an English reader?

Dictation & Oral Application Sentences (Read slowly at normal speaking pace):

1. The playful monkeys swung across the green valleys.

2. The boy's new sled glided swiftly over the frozen snow.

3. All seven days of the week were bright and sunny.

4. The lady's keys were found upon the garden bench.