Lesson 25: Poetry & Vowel O Study (ŏ and ō)

SPELLING & PHONICS

STANDARD: RF.2.3 / RF.3.3 • POETRY • VOWEL O STUDY (Ŏ & Ō)

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Phonological Study: Discriminate short ŏ (nŏt, stŏp, drŏp, frŏst) and long ō (cōld, gōld) in poetic selections by Jean Ingelow & Emily Huntington Miller.

POETRY • VOWEL O (Ŏ & Ō)

1. Copy the following carefully.

Read each poem aloud with expressive rhythm, then transcribe neatly on the guidelines:

They sang, and would not stop

While drop, and drop, and drop,

I heard the melted frost in the sunshine fall.

— JEAN INGELOW

Sweet little violets hid from the cold,

Put on your mantles of purple and gold.

— EMILY HUNTINGTON MILLER

2. Put the proper mark over each o.

Determine whether each vowel o has the short sound (breve º) or long sound (macron ¯):

SHORT SOUND OF O • BREVE ( ˘ )

n o t → nt s t o p → stp d r o p → drp f r o s t → frst o n → n

LONG SOUND OF O • MACRON ( ¯ )

c o l d → cld g o l d → gld

(Hint: Both cold and gold make long ō before -ld!)

3. Write from dictation.

Listen carefully as your teacher dictates selected lines from the poems. Transcribe accurately:

Line 1:

Line 2:

💡 PHONICS & SPELLING RULES TO REMEMBER

📌 1. Short ŏ Rhyme (-op)

In closed syllables, o makes the short sound /ɒ/ (not, stop, drop, frost). In Jean Ingelow's poem, stop and drop create a playful short ŏ rhyme!

📌 2. Long ō Rhyme (-old)

Before consonant cluster -ld, vowel o breaks the closed rule and becomes long /oʊ/ (cold, gold). In Miller's poem, cold and gold rhyme on long ō!

📌 3. Silent Letters in Context

Notice silent letters across both selections: silent l in would, silent final e in sunshine (magic e), and silent e in purple (consonant-le)!

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