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WHEELER'S ELEMENTARY SPELLER • TEACHER ANSWER KEY EDUCATOR REFERENCE • PHONOLOGICAL & HISTORICAL ANALYSIS TEACHER GUIDE
LESSON 28 • TEACHER ANSWER KEY & LINGUISTIC GUIDE
Short u (ŭ) vs. Long u (ū) • Split Digraph • Vowel Digraph -ue • Dictation Script
PAGES 19–20 KEY
KEY Master Diacritical & Silent Letter Answer Key (16 Words): Breve (ŭ) over short u, Macron (ū) over long u, Strikethrough (x) through silent letters.
# Word Marked Output Phonetic Value Silent Letter Pedagogical & Orthographic Note
1. dust dŭst Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable CVC; -ust rime
2. must mŭst Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable CVC; -ust rime
3. due dūe Long ū (/djuː/ or /duː/) final e Digraph -ue; silent final e
4. hue hūe Long ū (/hjuː/) final e Digraph -ue with aspiration /h/; silent e
5. hush hŭsh Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable; digraph -sh; -ush rime
6. blush blŭsh Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable; initial bl- blend; -ush rime
7. cure cūre Long ū (/kjʊər/) final e r-colored long u with VCe; hard c before u
8. pure pūre Long ū (/pjʊər/) final e r-colored long u with VCe; bilabial onset /p/
9. just jŭst Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable CVC; voiced affricate /dʒ/
10. rust rŭst Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable CVC; -ust rime
11. mute mūte Long ū (/mjuːt/) final e VCe split digraph (Magic E); silent final e
12. cue cūe Long ū (/kjuː/) final e Digraph -ue; letter c represents /k/; silent e
13. flush flŭsh Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable; initial fl- blend; -ush rime
14. thrush thrŭsh Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable; 3-phoneme onset thr-; -ush rime
15. such sŭch Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable; final digraph -ch (/tʃ/)
16. much mŭch Short ŭ (/ʌ/) none Closed syllable; final digraph -ch (/tʃ/)
Linguistic & Historical Phonics Analysis (Educator Reference)

1. The Palatal Onset Glide in Long u (/juː/): Unlike the monophthongs /eɪ, iː, aɪ, oʊ/, English long u typically incorporates an on-glide /j/, phonetically functioning as /juː/ (as in mute /mjuːt/, cure /kjʊər/, hue /hjuː/). After certain alveolar consonants in American English (yod-dropping), due may vary between /djuː/ and /duː/.

2. The Orthographic Role of Silent e in -ue: Words like due, hue, cue inherit the Anglo-Norman spelling convention where final e marks the preceding vowel as long and prevents a native English word from terminating in an illegal bare u.

3. The -ure Rhotic Conditioning: In cure and pure, the following rhotic liquid /r/ lowers and centers the vowel into the triphthongal/diphthongal glide /jʊər/.

Classroom Dictation Script (Context Sentences)

  1. dust: Wipe the golden dust off the table.
  2. must: We must finish our spelling work today.
  3. due: The library book is due tomorrow.
  4. hue: The autumn leaves have a bright golden hue.
  5. hush: A gentle hush fell over the sleeping room.
  6. blush: Sweet roses have a delicate pink blush.
  7. cure: Fresh air and rest helped to cure his cold.
  8. pure: Mountain water is cool and pure.
  9. just: He arrived just in time for class.
  10. rust: The old iron gate was covered in red rust.
  11. mute: The robin sat mute upon the snowy branch.
  12. cue: The actor waited quietly for his cue.
  13. flush: Cold wind brought a healthy flush to her cheeks.
  14. thrush: A sweet thrush sang in the apple tree.
  15. such: We had such a wonderful sunny day.
  16. much: Thank you very much for your kind help.

Diagnostic Scoring Rubric (16 Words Total)

Target Skill Criteria for Mastery Pts
Spelling Accuracy All 16 words spelled without orthographic errors. /16
Vowel Marking Breve (ŭ) on 10 short words; Macron (ū) on 6 long words. /16
Silent Letters Strikethrough on final e in due, hue, cure, pure, mute, cue. /12
Penmanship Proper letter formation, baseline alignment, and neatness. /6
TOTAL SCORE: /50

Common Student Pitfalls to Address:

  • Omitting silent 'e' in 'due/hue/cue': Students may write *du or *hu. Remind them English words never end in bare u.
  • Confusing /ʌ/ with /ʊ/: Ensure short u in dust, blush is distinguished from book/look /ʊ/.
  • Silent 'e' on 'cure' & 'pure': Remind students the final e keeps the vowel long.
Wheeler's Elementary Speller • Lesson 28 (Pages 19–20) Teacher Guide Macmillan / Pearson Pedagogical Standard • Common Core RF.2.3 & RF.3.3 Page 2 of 2 (Teacher Answer Key)