| # | Base Word | With -ed / IPA | With -ing / IPA | Base Pattern | Orthographic & Suffix Rule Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | work | worked /wɜːrkt/ | working /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/ | CVCC | Ends in voiceless blend -rk; -ed sounds like /t/. Base remains unchanged. |
| 2 | show | showed /ʃoʊd/ | showing /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/ | CVV (ow) | Vowel team ow says long /oʊ/; -ed sounds like voiced /d/. |
| 3 | seem | seemed /siːmd/ | seeming /ˈsiːmɪŋ/ | CVVC | Digraph ee says long /iː/; nasal m triggers voiced /d/ for -ed. |
| 4 | help | helped /hɛlpt/ | helping /ˈhɛlpɪŋ/ | CVCC | Ends in voiceless stop -lp; -ed sounds like voiceless /t/. |
| 5 | thank | thanked /θæŋkt/ | thanking /ˈθæŋkɪŋ/ | CVCC | Voiceless blend -nk; -ed sounds like voiceless /t/. Digraph th is unvoiced /θ/. |
| 6 | join | joined /dʒɔɪnd/ | joining /ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/ | CVVC (oi) | Diphthong oi (/ɔɪ/); voiced nasal n triggers voiced /d/ for -ed. |
| 7 | cheer | cheered /tʃɪərd/ | cheering /ˈtʃɪərɪŋ/ | CVVC (eer) | R-controlled digraph eer; voiced liquid triggers voiced /d/ for -ed. |